Singapore's Construction Strategies to Beat the Heat in Tropical Countries

The soaring temperatures, often accompanied by high humidity, pose various disadvantages that impact daily life and construction practices in tropical countries such as Singapore. Here are some of the construction approaches to beat the heat in these countries.

(Photo : Pexels/Ben Mack )

Build at the Top

Incorporating heat mitigation measures for older structures will require more work for developers to accomplish than new ones. Given the presence of many rail tracks, it will be challenging to implement cooling technologies and redevelop from the bottom up, as in Singapore's well-known Orchard Road. Considering this, Lee proposed that modifications be made from the highest level of the building. According to Lee, the top is also best suited for introducing flora, which will make the structure more aesthetically pleasing and help prevent heat and glare from entering the building. The gaseous exchange between plants actually contributes to the area's cooling.

Cooling Paints

Lee proposed using paint technology capable of dissipating heat faster than the building components. Choosing the appropriate color of paint is another critical consideration. Lee pointed out that if you decide to paint your structure in more natural tones and tints, it helps lessen heat concentration. However, if you paint your building black, creating a tropical ambiance inside is undoubtedly impossible.

Green Roofs and Walls

In many cities, the construction of green roofs and walls in urban structures has proven to be an effective option that has been embraced. These cutting-edge elements consist of vegetation covering the structure's surfaces, thereby minimizing the amount of heat absorbed and boosting natural cooling. Through the provision of shade and evapotranspiration, it can lower the total air temperature.

Accordingly, pollutant absorption by plants results in enhanced air quality. Moreover, increased insulation leads to a decrease in the energy required for the heating and cooling of the building. It also has the potential to encourage ecological balance and biodiversity in urban environments.

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Cool Pavements

Cool pavements are another helpful approach that can be utilized in the fight against heat islands. In the past, asphalt and concrete surfaces have been known to contribute considerably to the absorption and reradiation of heat, exacerbating the problem of urban heat islands. Conversely, reflective surfaces that provide a multitude of advantages, including reduced energy consumption and a more pleasant environment for inhabitants of urban areas, have been made possible by technological progress. These surfaces operate by reflecting solar radiation, thereby lowering surface temperatures.

Urban Green Spaces

Another essential component of urban building strategies that attempt to reduce the effects of heat islands is enhancing the quantity and quality of green spaces in urban areas. Numerous benefits can be derived from parks, gardens, and other green environments, such as the effects of shade and cooling, resulting in lower temperatures in the area. It can also enhance the mental and physical well-being of the urban populations.

Repercussions that are beneficial to urban ecology and biodiversity include the strengthening of social cohesiveness and participation in the community. Based on a study by the University of Copenhagen, urban green areas can lower air temperatures by as much as four to five degrees Celsius during summer heat waves. Therefore, it is clear that including urban green spaces in plans for sustainable development is essential.

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