Because of its environmentally responsible building practices, raw earth construction, an old building method, is experiencing a resurgence in popularity. In an effort to encourage environmental conservation, this approach provides a low-impact substitute for conventional materials.
(Photo : Unsplash/Toa Heftiba)
Raw Earth Construction in Europe
The Architect's Newspaper uses raw earth to refer to a broad category of building materials predominantly composed of earth that has not been roasted into a stiffened form. The building media utilized for a long time includes examples such as adobe, rammed earth, compressed earth, clay plaster, and cob.
In Europe, raw earth, which has been praised as a sustainable underdog hero in construction during the climate crisis, is reportedly experiencing a surge in popularity. It is reportedly an alternative to stabilized rammed earth that is supported by some practitioners in the present day, particularly in Europe. They argue that raw rammed earth has a lower carbon footprint and embodied energy and is entirely recyclable. Accordingly, the sole components that go into the production of raw rammed earth are gravel, sand, silt, clay, air, and water, which are purposefully combined and then rammed into a formwork that has already been constructed.
The Sustainable Characteristics of Raw Earth
In construction history, one of the earliest methods was using raw earth. Different types of evidence of earthen buildings can be found in every world region. Italy's geological and morphological characteristics have resulted in the country possessing many earthen constructions, albeit constrained in size, which is part of the country's historical heritage of buildings.
On the other hand, China, particularly the country's southern region, is distinguished by a large number of structures made of raw earth that are of such significant dimensions that they are designated as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Even though mortars, plasters, floors, load-bearing walls, and compressed blocks can all be constructed using the same material, the properties of these constructions can vary depending on the region in which they are built. An infinite number of benefits may be obtained from raw earth, and they all stem from the same fundamental principle: sustainability.
Moreover, researchers are becoming increasingly interested in raw earth-based building materials in today's world since these materials are readily available and favorable to the environment. This is because the circular economy is playing an increasingly important role.
Nevertheless, concerning the preservation of rural landscapes and the reuse of traditional country buildings, the utilization of this conventional material has sound effects on the environment. In reality, raw earth is easy to find in the area and can be recycled repeatedly. It also makes the spot look better because it blends in with the landscape.
In the manufacturing process of raw earth-based building components, additives, and chemical stabilizer agents, such as Portland cement, are frequently utilized to enhance the mechanical performance and durability of the produced components. Also, a significant increase in the amount of embodied energy is caused by this production process, which results in a reduction in the environmental sustainability of the base material. Embodied energy refers to the total energy required to extract, process, manufacture, and deliver building components.
Related Article: Bamboo House Bill: PH Advocates Bamboo for Stronger, Sustainable Construction
